The Impossible isn’t a problem.
“Exploring Wicke
d Problems” [1] by Bentley and Toth offers a brilliant, albeit lengthy, exploration of the distinction between “wicked and tame” [2] problems. Many leaders are likely acquainted with this concept, which is difficult to dispute at its core. The authors highlight that while some problems are clear-cut and easily addressed, others are intrinsically complex, messy, and unpredictable. [3]
As an underpinning thought to the book and blog, I have always loved Theodore Rubin’s quote about the impossible. I often paraphrased it when speaking to pastors and leaders. “The impossible isn’t a problem. The problem is not that there are problems. The problem is expecting otherwise & thinking that having problems is a problem. A problem is merely an environment where the impossible is done.” [4] (Italicised is Rubin’s direct quote). Reworking Rubin’s famous idea has enabled me to leverage the possibilities that abound within problems rather than allowing their frustrations to rule and ruin life and ministry. I must admit, however, that I did not like Bentley and Toth’s statement, “You’ll always have eighty-three problems.”[5] (More later).
Before addressing the verbosity of the book, there were some aha moments worthy of consideration on the leadership journey, many of which find support in the teaching of the Bible.
First, the authors argue that wicked problems cannot be definitively solved but only managed through temporary arrangements. [6] This reality aligns with the biblical truth that human challenges are often ongoing and require continuous wisdom and discernment. Ecclesiastes 1:9 says “What has been will be again, what has been done will be done again; there is nothing new under the sun,” emphasising the cyclical nature of challenges. A discerning leader may recognise this early in the book, skipping to practical discussions of taming problems and messes in Chapters 13 and 20. While the content between these chapters may feel unnecessary, it is accessible and engaging, with anecdotal storytelling suitable for casual readers. Proverbs 18:15 states, “The heart of the discerning acquires knowledge, for the ears of the wise seek it out,” encouraging leaders to glean valuable insights wherever they are found. The summaries of wicked problems on pages 24, 27, 53, 87, 88, 92, and 113 build progressively, offering readers a deeper understanding of the nature of such issues. Focusing on the later chapters offers practical wisdom for the leader seeking actionable steps, while the earlier sections provide a broader philosophical grounding. Both elements have their place, though not all may feel equally essential to every reader.
Secondly, the practical steps for characterising and taming problems and messes, Bentley and Toth, offer valuable relational insights, particularly when navigating issues of right and wrong. They draw upon the 13th-century poet Rumi’s words: “Out beyond the ideas of right and wrong, there is a garden. I’ll meet you there.” [7] This perspective aligns with biblical principles that prioritise reconciliation and harmony. Romans 12:18 says, “If it is possible, as far as it depends on you, live at peace with everyone.” Pastoral courses like the Alpha Marriage Course[8] similarly teach the importance of depersonalising issues to address root causes, fostering relational healing and forward movement, reflecting Proverbs 15:1, “A gentle answer turns away wrath, but a harsh word stirs up anger.” Bentley and Toth’s inclusion of Rumi’s perspective underscores the need to preserve the value of relationships, avoiding the creation of enemies even in the face of ideological or identity conflicts. The author’s work provides a framework for addressing problems without diminishing the significance of relationships, fostering mutual understanding and reconciliation in an era of division.
Further, the author’s encouragement to FIO[9] or Figure it out is refreshing in terms of defining mess. Rather than just acknowledge that problems exist, they exist within the scope of Rubin’s realm of possibility. Messes and problems exist not to frustrate but to create a desire to FIO, even if it is a wicked problem and can only be effectively managed until the next generation takes the lead.[10] Especially helpful in the context of FIO is the author’s inclusion of the acronym PERMA.[11] The PERMA model aligns with Scripture as a gold standard for flourishing:
- P: Positive Emotion: “This is the day the Lord has made; let us rejoice and be glad in it” (Psalm 118:24).
- E: Engagement: “Whatever you do, work at it with all your heart, as working for the Lord” (Colossians 3:23).
- R: Relationships: “A friend loves at all times” (Proverbs 17:17).
- M: Meaning: “For we are God’s handiwork, created in Christ Jesus to do good works” (Ephesians 2:10).
- A: Accomplishment: “I press on toward the goal to win the prize” (Philippians 3:14).
Finally, it is worth highlighting the authors’ concluding reflections, drawing on Richard Selzer’s poignant observation: “The pathetic belief that the way to heal the world is to take it in for repairs. One on one. One at a time.”[12] Bentley and Toth build on this sentiment by encouraging individuals to “do what only they can do,” [13] setting the stage for leaders to take meaningful action. While challenges persist, both tame and wicked, there will always be opportunities for individuals to step forward and make a difference.
The book, however, is laborious. The text often suffers from repetitiveness and verbosity, complicating its central thesis. While the distinction between tame and wicked problems is conceptually compelling, the authors repeatedly reiterate core ideas in different contexts without introducing substantial new insights, making the book feel unnecessarily prolonged. The book’s extended treatment gives the impression of aiming to meet word-count requirements rather than necessarily enhancing understanding. Despite the small, easy to read chapters, a more concise exploration of the topic could have delivered the same insights with greater impact and readability, ultimately benefiting the audience’s engagement.
And finally, as promised in the introduction, a review of the author’s 83 Problems. Unfortunately, you now have 84.[14] I have exceeded my word count and can’t delve into it here. You’re welcome.
[1] Bentley and Toth.
[2] Ibid, Xiii-Xiv.
[3] Ibid.
[4]Rubin, Theodore Isaac. 1983. One To One: Understanding Personal Relationships. New York: Viking Press.
[5] Bentley, Joseph, and Toth Michael. 2020. Exploring Wicked Problems: What They Are and Why They Are Important. Archway Publishing. 47.
[6] Ibid, 24.
[7] Ibid, 87.
[8] https://alpha.org/the-marriage-course/
[9] Ibid, 104-105.
[10] Ibid 33.
[11] Ibid, 165.
[12] Ibid, 219.
[13] Ibid.
[14] Ibid, 47.
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