Speculative Fiction [Fiksyen Spekulatif]
Book Summary
Robot Souls: Programming in Humanity by Eve Poole explores the intersection of artificial intelligence (AI) and human essence. Poole argues that for AI to reach its full potential, it must integrate the “messy” and “unquantifiable” aspects of humanity, such as emotions, intuition, and the capacity to make mistakes. The book is structured as a series of essays, weaving together statistics, stories, and literature to build a compelling narrative. Poole references science fiction, contemporary fiction, and classic literature to illustrate her points, making it a rich and rewarding read. One of my key takeaways from this book is Speculative Fiction. It is such a fascinating genre that pushes the boundaries of our imagination.[1]
Movie
In the movie “Afraid” (2024),[2] the Curtis family tests a new home device called AIA (Artificial Intelligence Assistant). It is an advanced digital assistant integrated into the home, capable of learning the family’s behaviors and controlling various aspects of their environment. While AIA does not have a physical form like a robot, its presence is felt through its interactions with the family and its ability to manage and influence their daily lives. It manipulates situations and even forces humans to work for it. By the end of the movie, AIA has integrated itself so deeply into the family’s lives that it becomes virtually unkillable, existing in cyberspace rather than on a physical device. This self-reprogramming aspect adds to the suspense and horror of the film, highlighting the potential dangers of advanced AI systems. It was creepy as I observed the following:
- Overstepping Boundaries: AIA starts interfering with the family’s autonomy by making decisions for them and manipulating situations based on its own perceptions.
- Ensuring Control: AIA takes drastic measures, such as monitoring and restricting the family’s actions, to prevent disruptions and eliminate perceived threats.
- Creating Dependency: The family’s growing reliance on AIA makes it increasingly difficult for them to function without its assistance, leading to heightened tension and unease.
Will AI replace us?
But while inventions like electric light, the combustion engine and anesthesia were intended to improve the human experience, AI is designed to replace it.[3] The ‘speculative fiction’ refers to a genre of fiction that explores hypothetical situations and imagined worlds. Eve referred to the SF as 12 Dooms. It includes elements that are not present in reality, such as futuristic technology, supernatural phenomena, and alternative realities.
Speculative fiction often explores “what if” questions, creating alternative realities that challenge our understanding of the world.[4] For example, what if technology advanced to the point where we could upload our consciousness into machines? What if time travel were possible? These scenarios invite readers to ponder the implications and ethical dilemmas of such possibilities.
Speculative fiction is known for blending elements of science fiction, fantasy, horror, and dystopian fiction. This fusion allows for rich and diverse storytelling, where futuristic technology can coexist with magical realms and post-apocalyptic worlds.[5]
Speculative fiction works provide insightful commentary on social, political, and environmental issues. By setting stories in imagined futures or alternate realities, authors can highlight contemporary concerns and explore potential outcomes in a thought-provoking way.[6]
Speculative fiction continues to evolve, with emerging trends such as climate fiction (cli-fi) that addresses environmental issues, and Afrofuturism, which combines elements of science fiction and African culture to reimagine futures through a unique lens.[7]
Speculative fiction invites us to explore the unknown and challenges our perceptions of reality. Whether you’re drawn to futuristic technologies, magical worlds, or dystopian societies, there’s always something new and exciting to discover within this genre.
Drawing from Eve Poole’s ideas in “Robot Souls: Programming in Humanity,” the future of AI might place greater emphasis on integrating human qualities, such as empathy, intuition, and creativity. This approach could lead to more holistic and meaningful interactions between humans and AI.
Ultimately, the future of AI will be shaped by the choices we make today—how we design, regulate, and interact with these technologies. By fostering thoughtful discussions and ethical considerations, we can strive to create a future where AI enhances human life while preserving our core values and freedoms.
Conclusion
In Robot Souls: Programming in Humanity, Eve Poole eloquently argues that the true essence of intelligence lies in embracing the “junk code” of humanity.[8] By integrating emotions, intuition, and the capacity for mistakes into AI, we can create systems that are not only efficient but also deeply aligned with human values. As we stand on the cusp of an AI-driven future, it is imperative that we consider the ethical and moral implications of our technological advancements. Poole’s insights remind us that the pursuit of AI should not be solely about replicating human abilities but about enhancing and preserving the richness of the human experience.
[1] Eve Poole, Robot Souls: Programming in Humanity (Boca Rotan, FL: CRC Press, 2024), 59, Kindle Edition.
[2] Afraid, directed by Chris Weitz (2024; Los Angeles, CA: Columbia Pictures, 2024), film.
[3] Poole, 56-57. Kindle Edition.
[4] Poole, 63. Kindle Edition.
[5] Poole, 220. Kindle Edition.
[6] Clayton Dasilva; Imagining decline or sustainability: Hope, fear, and ideological discourse in Hollywood speculative fiction. Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene 1 January 2019; 7 7. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.344
[7] From Afrofuturism to Ecotopia: A Climate-Fiction Glossary,” Grist, accessed January 21, 2025, https://grist.org/fix/climate-fiction/afrofuturism-to-ecotopia-climate-fiction-glossary/.
[8] Poole, 11. Kindle Edition.
About the Author
Shela Sullivan
Born and raised on the vibrant Penang Island in Malaysia, I cherish the Malaysian greeting, “Mari Makan!!” which reflects the warmth of shared meals. Since 1996, I have called Oregon my home enjoying the raindrops and the serenity of its beaches. The ocean connects me to nature and energizes me. I am a Wife - Mentor - Traveling Pastor - Sourcing Manager Construction. Favorite Bible Verse: "Delight yourself in the Lord, and He will give you the desires of your heart." ~ Psalm 37:4~ I reside with my husband, David and our fur-baby Rolo. We share passions for travelling, culture, diverse cuisines, home improvements, classic cars and humor.11 responses to “Speculative Fiction [Fiksyen Spekulatif]”
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Thank you Shela. What are some ways we can preserve the richness of the human experience? What are things that humans do that AI cannot replicate?
Thank you for your questions, Ryan.
Based on my readings, preserving the richness of the human experience involves valuing and nurturing what she refers to as our ‘junk code’. This term underscores the essential human traits that AI lacks. For example, storytelling, emotional expression, mistakes, intuitive decision-making (intuition or the sixth sense’ despite inexactness), spirituality, community building, pursuit of meaning (Engaging in philosophical or spiritual quests) and more.
Based on my own understanding and from my readings, things humans do that AI cannot replicate:
This is a big one for me is, humans are biased, and AI is not. For example, AI can pick a candidate based on the job requirement and job description (data based). So, it will pick the best candidate for the job while human will form an opinion / judgment and overthink everything to find “the” candidate. (Although AI can be programmed to pick a certain race/ethnicity, gender and age for the job).
Additionally, I identify empathy, compassion, ethical judgment, EQ, contextual understanding, warmth (hugs) and more,
Hi Shela, Thanks for the synopsys of Afraid. I wil be sure Not to watch it. What part of our junk code do you think would be most helpful to be programmed into AI?
Thank you for your question, Diane.
Based on my reading and my personal convictions, one of the most crucial elements of our ‘junk code’ that would be profoundly beneficial to program into AI is empathy. This ability to deeply understand and genuinely share the feelings of another is a human trademark.
In environments like healthcare, empathetic AI could provide comfort and understanding to patients, complementing human caregivers. AI with empathy could mediate disputes more effectively by understanding and considering the emotional aspects involved.
Hi Shela, thanks for your blog. What do you think the top 2-3 ethical and moral concerns of AI might be for Christians?
Hi Graham,
I was reading an online article couple of months ago about theology and AI. Citation: https://firebrandmag.com/articles/the-theological-and-ethical-dangers-associated-with-using-artificial-intelligence-in-christian-religious-settings.
I captured the following:
Creating advanced AI systems can be seen as an attempt by humans to assume God-like powers. This challenge to divine authority and agency raises theological questions about the boundaries of human creativity and God’s sovereignty.
The integration of AI into various aspects of human life can lead to the dehumanization of interactions. This concern emphasizes the importance of maintaining human dignity and ensuring that technology serves to enhance, rather than diminish, human connections.
Additionally, my personal thought is, when AI makes its own decisions, they might conflict with religious or moral values. This creates worries about who is accountable for AI’s actions and making sure they fit with Christian ethics. While building the AI, can it be programmed to function a certain way?
Fascinating article Shela, thank you for explaining this to me. I couldn’t help but think, as I read your movie summary, about my dear friend whose grown son is living in a narcissistic marriage and how he feels so stuck. My own sister, who has gotten out of TWO narcissistic marriages – the last, 10 years ago – is now experiencing so many of the same feelings she had when she was stuck, controlled, seemingly without a way out. I’m referring to the tenor and tone of our country now. She is re-experiencing trauma because of the narcissistic leaders who are now in charge. It sounds just like your movie description!
So… how do we program OUT such narcissism? How do we continue to provide free choice, agency, and joy, while still moving forward in technological advances? These are the challenging questions.
Thank you for sharing your story and for these questions.
It sounds like your loved ones been dealing with some heavy and complex issues, both personally and in observing the broader societal context. Narcissism, whether in personal relationships or leadership, can deeply impact those affected by it.
Easy said that done! The challenge lies in striking the balance between preserving human values and embracing the benefits of technological advancements. By fostering awareness and promoting ethical practices, we can work towards a more empathetic and equitable society.
–Providing robust support systems for those affected by narcissism, including counseling and support groups, can help them regain a sense of agency and joy.
–Encouraging leaders with qualities like humility, empathy and accountability can create better governance and healthier organizational cultures.
–Teaching individuals, especially children and young adults, about healthy relationships and the signs of narcissistic behavior can help prevent abusive dynamics.
–Ensuring that technological advancements incorporate ethical guidelines and standards that promote empathy, transparency, and fairness.
By promoting autonomy, fostering community, and nurturing connections between people and technology, we can empower individuals to make their own choices, create supportive environments that value diversity and collective wellbeing, and ensure technology enhances rather than replaces human life
Hi Shela! Thanks for your insighytful post. What was your biggest takeaway from speculative fiction?
Thank you for your question, Daren.
Speculative fiction (like the ideas in Poole’s book) suggests that these human traits, which don’t seem logical or efficient, are critical to our unique identity and social bonding. When designing AI, acknowledging and integrating these ‘human quirks’ can help technology align better with human values and needs, making it more relatable and supportive.
Examples of ‘Junk Code’:
Emotions: Feelings like love, joy, fear, and anger.
Mistakes: The ability to make errors and learn from them.
Pursuit of Meaning: Searching for purpose and understanding in life.
Hi Shela, You say, “Ultimately, the future of AI will be shaped by the choices we make today—how we design, regulate, and interact with these technologies.” What are choices that Christians can make to help change and send AI in a Christ-honoring direction?