{"id":38985,"date":"2024-10-21T16:22:13","date_gmt":"2024-10-21T23:22:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.georgefox.edu\/dlgp\/?p=38985"},"modified":"2024-10-21T16:22:13","modified_gmt":"2024-10-21T23:22:13","slug":"is-the-nordic-model-any-better","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.georgefox.edu\/dlgp\/is-the-nordic-model-any-better\/","title":{"rendered":"Is the Nordic model any better?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>I am not an economist and this week\u2019s readings were some of the hardest for me so far.\u00a0 However, as Simone Weil said \u201cstudents who love God should never say: \u2018For my part I like mathematics\u2019; \u2018I like French\u2019; \u2018I like Greek.\u2019 They should learn to like all these subjects, because all of them develop that faculty of attention which, directed toward God, is the very substance of prayer.<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1<\/a>] May\u00a0God help me as I seek to understand Polanyi and may what I write make sense.<\/p>\n<p>Karl Polanyi, a Hungarian citizen wrote <em>The Great Transformation<\/em> while at Bennington College in Vermont, just as World War II was starting.<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a>\u00a0 In his book Polanyi was critical of capitalism in the form of the self-regulating market (SRM) and how it disembedded\u00a0 itself from social relationships.<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a>\u00a0 Jason Clark writes \u201cCentral to Polanyi\u2019s thesis is the assertion that society and social relationships are vital to humans, and that the SRM is problematic to that, owing to how the SRM is disembedded from social constraints.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a>\u00a0 We see in Bebbington how success in the marketplace appeared to be an assurance from God of our salvation<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a>\u00a0 With SRM, Clark suggests that \u201cThe locus of salvation moved from the nature of Christianity to one in which the SRM becomes the site of a \u2019secular salvation.\u2019\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a> Our economy and our success in it becomes our Savior. This is an area of concern for the Church<\/p>\n<p>However, is what Polanyi was suggesting a better model?\u00a0 In the Introduction to the 2001 edition of Polanyi\u2019s book Fred Block writes \u201cTo be sure the considerable achievements of European social democratic governments, particularly in Scandinavia, from the 1940s through the 1980s provides concrete evidence that Polanyi\u2019s vision was both powerful and realistic.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a> I am unfamiliar with their economic system, so I did an internet search and found an article that was most recently updated in August 2024.\u00a0 Will Kenton writes \u201cThe Nordic model embraces both the\u00a0welfare state\u00a0and globalization\u2014two approaches to government that can be seen at times as opposites. The core aspects of the Nordic model include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Public provision of social services funded by taxes<\/li>\n<li>Investment in education, child care, and other services associated with\u00a0human capital<\/li>\n<li>Strong labor-force protections through unions and the social safety net\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\">[8]<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The tax rates seem high, personal income tax rates up to 55% and business income tax rates up to 44.3%, depending upon in which Scandinavian country a person lives. However, Kenton writes that the people and the government work well together to address various challenges which leads to a high level of trust.\u00a0 According to World Population Review, the five Scandinavian countries are in the top seven happiest countries in the world.<a href=\"#_ftn9\" name=\"_ftnref9\">[9]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>These five countries are also the most liberal in the world.<a href=\"#_ftn10\" name=\"_ftnref10\">[10]<\/a> Polanyi ends his book discussing freedom \u201cInstitutional and moral or religious.\u2019<a href=\"#_ftn11\" name=\"_ftnref11\">[11]<\/a> He discusses how in seemingly giving up his freedom\/control a person finds \u201ccourage and strength to remove all removable injustices and unfreedom. As long as he is true to his task of creating more abundant freedom for all, he need not fear that either power or planning will turn against him and destroy the freedom he is building by their instrumentality.\u201d [<a href=\"#_ftn12\" name=\"_ftnref12\">12<\/a>] Whether this freedom is really the best for the society is a discussion for another day, but I wonder if their sense of happiness comes from the freedoms they have?<\/p>\n<p>I also wonder if the high level of trust in one\u2019s government, happiness and freedom found in this economic system also provide that same secular salvation that we see in an SRM?\u00a0 When things seem to be going well, do we find no need for God?\u00a0 In an international survey, when asked about a belief in God, depending upon the Scandinavian country, between 18.3% to 29.3% of people surveyed claimed to not believe in God, whereas in the United States only 4.8% made a similar claim\u201d [<a href=\"#_ftn13\" name=\"_ftnref13\">13<\/a>].\u00a0 When I look at this, I am reminded of Proverbs 30 versus 7-9 \u201c\u2019Two things I ask of you,\u00a0Lord; do not refuse me before I die: <strong><sup>8\u00a0<\/sup><\/strong>Keep falsehood and lies far from me; give me neither poverty nor riches, but give me only my daily bread. <strong><sup>9\u00a0<\/sup><\/strong>Otherwise, I may have too much and disown\u00a0you\u00a0and say, \u2018Who is the\u00a0Lord?\u2019 Or I may become poor and steal,\u00a0and so dishonor the name of my God.\u2019\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn14\" name=\"_ftnref14\">[14]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Again, I am not an economist, I do not know what the best economic model is. I am not sure a capitalist economy with an SRM is the answer, but neither is fascism, and because of our sin nature I\u2019m not even sure we can obtain an ideal socialist economy as modeled by the early disciples.\u00a0 What I do know is Bebbington\u2019s quadrilateral; <em>Conversionism,<\/em> <em>biblcism<\/em>, <em>crucicentrism<\/em>, and activism are central to my life.<a href=\"#_ftn15\" name=\"_ftnref15\">[15]<\/a>\u00a0 I need to develop relationships with people and ensure that they know that their salvation will not come from their finances, our economy, or our government, but only through Christ Jesus.\u00a0 May we depend on Him for our daily bread.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> Simone Weil, \u201cReflections on the Right Use of School Studies with a View to the Love of God\u201d\u00a0 In <em>Waiting for God<\/em>, (New York, NY: Harper, 1951), 105.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> Karl Polanyi, <em>The Great Transformation: The Political and Economic Origins of Our Times<\/em>, (Boston, MA, Beacon Press, 2001), xxi.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> Jason Paul Clark, &#8220;Evangelicalism and Capitalism: A Reparative Account and Diagnosis of Pathogeneses in the Relationship,&#8221;\u00a0 Faculty Publications &#8211; Portland Seminary. 132, 2018), 58 <a href=\"https:\/\/digitalcommons.georgefox.edu\/gfes\/\">https:\/\/digitalcommons.georgefox.edu\/gfes\/<\/a>, 124<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> Clark, 127.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> David Bebbington, <em>Evangelicalism in Modern Britian: A History from the 1730s to the 1980s, (New York, NY: Routledge, 2005).\u00a0 <\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> Clark, 135.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> Polanyi, xxxvii.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> Will Kenton, \u201cNordic Model: Comparing the Economic System to the U.S.\u201d, Investopedia, August 20, 2024.\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/terms\/n\/nordic-model.asp\">https:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/terms\/n\/nordic-model.asp<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a> World Population Review, \u201cHappiest Countries in the World 2024,\u201d \u00a0\u00a02024, <a href=\"https:\/\/worldpopulationreview.com\/country-rankings\/happiest-countries-in-the-world\">https:\/\/worldpopulationreview.com\/country-rankings\/happiest-countries-in-the-world<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a> World Population Review, \u201cMost Liberal Countries 2024,\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/worldpopulationreview.com\/country-rankings\/most-liberal-countries\">https:\/\/worldpopulationreview.com\/country-rankings\/most-liberal-countries<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\">[11]<\/a> Polanyi, 262.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\">[12]<\/a> Polanyi, 268<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\">[13]<\/a> The survey was the 2018 International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) Religion questionnaire.\u00a0 Carlos Miguel Ramos , \u201cDisaffiliation from the Evangelical Lutheran Churches in the Nordic Countries: Mistrust in the Churches, Changing Worldviews, or Something else?\u201d \u00a0Secularism and Nonreligion <a href=\"https:\/\/secularismandnonreligion.org\/articles\/10.5334\/snr.166\">Disaffiliation from the Evangelical Lutheran Churches in the Nordic Countries: Mistrust in the Churches, Changing Worldviews, or Something else? | Secularism and Nonreligion<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\">[14]<\/a> Prov 30:7-9 (NIV).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\">[15]<\/a> Bebbington, 3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I am not an economist and this week\u2019s readings were some of the hardest for me so far.\u00a0 However, as Simone Weil said \u201cstudents who love God should never say: \u2018For my part I like mathematics\u2019; \u2018I like French\u2019; \u2018I like Greek.\u2019 They should learn to like all these subjects, because all of them develop [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":200,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[467,2967,4],"class_list":["post-38985","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-clark","tag-dlgp03","tag-polanyi","cohort-dlgp03"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.georgefox.edu\/dlgp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38985","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.georgefox.edu\/dlgp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.georgefox.edu\/dlgp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.georgefox.edu\/dlgp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/200"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.georgefox.edu\/dlgp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38985"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.georgefox.edu\/dlgp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38985\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":38986,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.georgefox.edu\/dlgp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38985\/revisions\/38986"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.georgefox.edu\/dlgp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38985"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.georgefox.edu\/dlgp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38985"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.georgefox.edu\/dlgp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38985"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}