In 1948, Apartheid was for the people with black skins, white Afrikaans, Coloured, and Indians. It, for the most part, was to destroy equality of selected race and groups by strengthening the power of the pure whites, decrease or eradicate the labor power of the blacks, prevent the property growth of the blacks, banned interracial relationships, and abolish the voting roll. The National Party (NP) rose to prevent the United Party (UP) from increasing the equality of the Blacks, Coloureds, and Indians.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n Walsh shared the history of the political parties reign before 1948 to assist in the reader’s understanding of how Apartheid birthed. He spoke of the Black Experience identifying the various African organizations: African National Congress (ANC), formerly South Africa Native National Congress founded in 1912 whose focus was “rooted in the educated, Christian class, a product of the mission schools who were the sole providers of education for Africans.” (37) Nelson Mandela was a part of this organization. Walsh discussed that the African National Congress Youth League (ANCYL) by “shaping the future of ANC’s strategies as the desired goal for South Africa.” (42) This organization, by 1949, was the “brains-trust and power-station of the spirit of African nationalism.” (47)\u00a0 Before apartheid, there was already African organizations protesting and striking (miner and hunger) against segregation and racialism. They had little effect.<\/p>\n Many changes of events encouraged to change the platform of the NP to revisit its views of white control. People began to join their efforts through boycotts and demonstrations while experiencing police brutality and death. Some organization leaders, including Mandela, were imprisoned for their political position.<\/p>\n Imagine, one of the missiles that affected the NP’s view of their policies were the sanctions from countries who themselves promoted racialism. They\u00a0recognized after years of being a consumer supporter of South Africa\u2019s commodities that apartheid\u00a0did not support human rights, i.e. America. It is believed that the “Civil Rights Movement encouraged the Anti-Apartheid Movement. There are similarities in both movements toward freedom.”\u00a0[1]<\/a> Greeson states that the \u201canti-apartheid movement was successful because of the\u00a0 spiritual and material of the civil rights movement; the two shared a common ideology of equal rights for all human beings, regardless of race; and\u00a0 the movements shared the same leadership.\u201d [2]<\/a>\u00a0 Martin Luther King, Jr. and Nelson Mandela shared similar experiences and challenges by being thrown in jail, police brutality, white supporters, and were charismatic speakers.<\/p>\n 1989, began the fall of Apartheid. The Conservative Party (CP) was replaced by the Progressive Federal Party in the fight to make an effective change in Apartheid through filtrating the parliament. FW de Klerk was elected and denounced the laws of apartheid. In this same year: the Tiananmen Square uprising in China, the capitulation of the Soviet Union I Baltic States, the crumbling of the \u2018Iron Curtain,\u2019 the retreat of Soviet troops from Afghanistan, and the collapse of the Belin Wall.<\/p>\n Walsh focused on the history of racialism in South Africa and how it instilled Apartheid. He wanted to give insight into the years of racial tribulation which has led to Apartheid and that the rise of the people challenging the laws and policies of Apartheid, along with the support of other countries to dissolve Apartheid resulted in its fall. He included the impact of Mandela and Desmond Tutu in the book, but he remained true to his purpose to present the history of the unrest in South Africa.<\/p>\n As I read through this book, it stirred up memories of my experiences and others through the Jim Crow and Civil rights Movement years. I\u00a0believe our current tension in America reveals \u00a0“Racism was silenced because of the Civil Rights and Anti-Apartheid Movements but the rise of the American Republican Party has removed its tonsils and it speaks again. What are your thoughts?<\/p>\n <\/p>\n![\"\"](\"http:\/\/blogs.georgefox.edu\/dminlgp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Civil-rights-2.jpg\")
<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0 AMERICA \u00a0\u00a0![\"\"](\"http:\/\/blogs.georgefox.edu\/dminlgp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/SA-white-only.jpg\")
<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0SOUTH AMERICA<\/p>\n<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0SOUTH AFRICA<\/p>\n<\/a>\u00a0 AMERICA<\/p>\n